Discharge Instructions & Physical Therapy Protocol for Knee Microfracture Technique Patellofemoral Lesions
Recovery after knee surgery entails controlling swelling and discomfort, healing, return of range-of-motion of the knee joint, regaining strength in the muscles around the knee joint, and a gradual return to activities. The following instructions are intended as a guide to help you achieve these individual goals and recover as quickly as possible after your knee surgery.
Comfort
- Elevation - Elevate your knee and ankle above the level of your heart. The best position is lying down with two pillows lengthwise under your entire leg. This should be done for the first several days after surgery
- Swelling - A cooling device may be provided to control swelling and discomfort by slowing the circulation in your knee. Initially, this can be used continuously for the first 3 days, (while the initial post-op dressing is on). After 3 days, the cooling device should be applied 3 times a day for 10-minute intervals. If a cooling device is not provided at the time of surgery, place crushed ice in a plastic bag over your knee for no more than 20 minutes, three (3) times a day
- Pain Medication - Take medications as prescribed, but only as often as necessary. Avoid alcohol and driving if you are taking pain medication
- Antibiotic Medication - If an antibiotic has been prescribed, start taking the day of your surgery. The first dose should be around dinnertime. Continue taking until the prescription is finished
- Driving - Driving is NOT permitted for six weeks following right knee surgery
Activities
- Range-of-Motion - Move your knee through range of motion as tolerated. This must be done while sitting or lying down
- Exercises - These help prevent complications such as blood clotting in your legs. Point and flex your foot and wiggle your toes. Thigh muscle tightening exercises should begin the day of surgery and should be done for 10 to 15 minutes, 3 times a day, for the first few weeks after surgery
- Locking Knee Brace - The brace is to be worn for up to 6-8 weeks following surgery. It will be locked straight while walking for approximately one week. At your first post-operative visit, your doctor may adjust the brace range-of-motion to 0-30°. The brace is to be worn until bone healing and good knee strength have been achieved, (usually 6 weeks after surgery). At that time your doctor will determine if your leg has enough strength to allow your brace to be fully unlocked. The knee brace is to be kept locked straight for the first 48 hours after surgery . You may unlock the brace while sitting but lock the brace before standing. Sleep with the brace on until directed by Dr. Forsythe
- CPM - (Continuous Passive Motion Machine) - A Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) machine should be started the day after your surgery. This machine will be set at 30° for the first 48 hours after surgery, then motion on the machine should be increased by 10° per day. The machine should be used 6 hours per day (i.e. 2 hours in the morning, 2 hours in the afternoon and 2 hours in the evening). Once the goal of 110° is reached, continue use of the machine for approximately 6 weeks. DO NOT WEAR LEG BRACE OR COOLING DEVICE WHILE USING CPM MACHINE
- Weightbearing Status - You are NOT allowed to put any weight on your operative leg for the first 48 hours after surgery. Walk using two crutches and your knee brace in the locked straight position. You may rest the foot of your operated leg on the floor for balance when standing without putting your weight on it. 48 hours after surgery you may put all of your weight as tolerated on your operative leg. Walk using two crutches and your knee brace in the locked straight position. Two crutches should be used until directed to discontinue by Dr. Forsythe (approximately 6 weeks)
- Physical Therapy - PT should be started after your first post-operative visit with Dr. Forsythe. A prescription for physical therapy, along with physical therapy instructions (included in this packet) must be taken to the therapist at your first visit
- Athletic Activities - Athletic activities, such as swimming, bicycling, jogging, running and stop-and-go sports, should be avoided until allowed by your doctor
- Return to Work - Return to work as soon as possible. Your ability to work depends on a number of factors - your level of discomfort and how much demand your job puts on your knees. If you have any questions, please call your doctor
Wound Care
- Tub bathing, swimming, and soaking of the knee should be avoided until allowed by your doctor - Usually 2 - 3 weeks after your surgery. Keep the dressing on, clean and dry for the first 3 days after surgery
- Remove the dressing 3 days after surgery. The steri-strips (small white tape that is directly on the incision areas) should be left on until the first office visit. You may apply band-aids to the small incisions around your knee
- You may shower 5 days after surgery with band-aids on. Apply new band-aids after showering
Eating
- Your first few meals, after surgery, should include light, easily digestible foods and plenty of liquids, since some people experience slight nausea as a temporary reaction to anesthesia
Call your physician if
- Pain in your knee persists or worsens in the first few days after surgery.
- Excessive redness or drainage of cloudy or bloody material from the wounds (Clear red tinted fluid and some mild drainage should be expected). Drainage of any kind 5 days after surgery should be reported to the doctor.
- You have a temperature elevation greater than 101°
- You have pain, swelling or redness in your calf
- You have numbness or weakness in your leg or foot
Return to the office
- Your first return to our office should be within the first 1 - 2 weeks after your surgery. Call your physician’s office to make an appointment for this first post-operative visit
Rehabilitation Protocol for Microfracture Technique Patellofemoral Lesions
0-4 Weeks
- Weightbearing Status: Non-weightbearing using 2 crutches and knee brace locked in extension for the first 48 hours then, weightbearing as tolerated with 2 crutches and knee brace locked 0° extension for one week. After the first post-operative visit, brace may be set at 0-30° maximum flexion for ambulation
- Range-of-motion
- CPM (Continuous Passive Motion) 0-30° for the first 48 hours then, increase 10° per day as tolerated. Discontinue CPM after 6 weeks if full flexion achieved
- Passive knee flexion and knee extension range-of-motion
- Wall slides or heel slides to increase knee flexion range-of-motion
- Wall slides and passive knee extension with heel supported to increase extension range-of-motion
- Mobilization : Patellar mobilization, as needed
- Stretching Exercises
- Hamstring, iliotibial band, and calf stretches, as needed
- Strengthening Exercises
- Isometric quadriceps sets
- Isometric hamstring sets at 70-90° of knee flexion
- Straight leg raises
- Hip adduction
- Ankle plantar flexion with tubing resistance
4 - 12 Weeks
- Weightbearing Status
- Full weightbearing with knee brace 0-30°
- Discontinue knee brace at 6 weeks if full quad control achieved
- Range-of-Motion and Stretching Exercises
- Continue knee extension range-of-motion exercises, as needed
- Full knee flexion and extension range-of-motion by 4-6 weeks post surgery
- Strengthening Exercises
- Closed-kinetic-chain exercises
- Progress with strengthening exercises as above
- Active knee extension
- Hamstring curls
- Seated toe raises with resistance
- Pool exercises, if available
- Stationary bicycle with seat elevated
- Hip abduction, added during the 4th to 5th week, if fair
- quadriceps contraction is present
12 - 16 Weeks
- Strengthening Exercises
- Continue progression of strengthening exercises
- Closed kinetic chain
- Standing toe raises
- Partial squats
- Leg press exercise
- Step exercises: step-down, step-up, lateral stepping
- Walking, Stepper machine
- Open kinetic chain: Isokinetic training: 200+ speed
16 Weeks
Begin running
5 - 6 Months
Begin cutting and pivoting
6 - 8 Months
Return to athletics